Friction type wedge-lock means for slidable side jaw wrenches



Jan. 26,1954

E. R. ANSKJAER ET AL 2,667,096 FRICTION TYPE WEDGE-LOCK MEANS FOR SLIDABLE SIDE JAW WRENCHES Filed Jan. 12, 1952 mwb"' Patented Jan. 26, 1954 UNITED STATES EATENT QFFICE FRICTION TYPE WEDGE-LOCK MEANS FOR SLIDABLE SIDE JAW WRENCHES Application January 12, 1952, Serial No. 266,154

8 Claims.

' The present invention relates to a device for the relative adjustment and frictional attachment of two members.

Such devices are known in the shape of wrenches, slidable gauges, adjustable shelving and many other constructions in which two members are movable in guided relation to each other to a predetermined position in which the members are to be relatively fixed from which they may be subsequently moved to any other desired position and fixed there.

The obj set of the invention is to provide a device of the kind in question which is relatively strong and at the same time substantially lighter in weight than the hitherto known devices of similar types.

Further objects of the invention will be evident from the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings, which for the purpose of illustration show a preferred construction of a wrench, but it is particularly emphasized that the disclosed features of the wrench can with the same effect be applied to any other construction in which a similar result is required.

Referring to the drawing:

Fig. 1 shows in side elevation a so-called monkey Wrench, according to the invention,

2 is a section on line IIII in Fig. 3,

Fig. 3 is a section on line III-III inFig. 2,

Fig. 4 is a transverse verticalsection on line IV-IV in Fig. 2, and

Fig. 5 shows on an enlarged scale a section view on line V-V in Fig. 3.

Av handle I34 of. the wrench has a rear part I05 from which extend two sides I95 and Illl,

each provided with an enlargement I88 and IE5) respectively. Between these sides the wrench has a through-hole with rectangular cross section, and between the enlargements IE8 and its there is a slot lit. The enlargements Hi8 and 39 are integral with a fixed jaw I I I. A movable jaw i I2 is provided with a narrow portion i I 3 and a wide portion H 5 which latter on its end turned away from the narrow portion H3 is provided with an angular recess having a bevelled face 4 I5 with an incline of one to two, and a bevelled face i It. Abutting the face I I5 is the slightly curved surface II! of an angular projection which has another face I I8 slightly spaced from the face I I6, see Fig. 5. The said projection is formed on a holder of U-shaped cross section and comprises a rear part H9 and two. legs 520. The holder carries three pressure members or plates Hi, !22 and. 523, each of which is provided with a center portion 'slidable between the legs and provided with upper projecting lugs I24 and I25 and lower projecting lugs I26 and I2? which engage the upper and lower edges of the legs I 23 respectively.

Between the legs I29? and the pressure plates I2 I I22 and I23 are inserted long plate members I 2%, I29 and Hill, each of which has a Width allowing them to slide between the legs till. At their upper ends each plate member has an enlarged portion extending into a transverse groove in a holder I3! rigidly attached within the rectangular hole. This holder I3I has a hole for a pin I32 passing through the said grooves and through holes in each of the enlarged portions of the plate members, thus fixing these members'nondisplaceable longitudinally in relation to the holder. The holder l3I has furthermore a part which fits snugly between the sides lili'and I81, and another wider recessed part resting upon the edges of the sides and thus effectively preventing the holder from being pulled downwards. The plate member i223 abuts with its one side the rear part lid of the holder for the short pressure plates, and the short pressure plate I23 abuts with its one side the flat side of the rear part M5.

The one leg I23 of the holder has a threaded hole for the threaded end of a pin I 33 which has a rigidly attached head I34 projecting outside a slot I35 with a recessed edge I35 accommodating a ring it? that encompasses pin I 33 and is pressed against the recessed face by means of a spring I38 interposed between the ring and the rear side of head I34.

When endeavouring to press the two jaws II I and H2 away from each other with a certain force, there will be transmitted a force to the bevelled face H5 and the curved surface II'I which is about double the first mentioned force, so that the wide portion H5 and the rear part H9 are subjected to an outward lateral pressure of the same magnitude. In this mannera frictional force is produced between the short pressure plates iii, I22, lit the long plate members 528, i29, I35! and the rear part H9, as well as between the wide portion'li' and the edges of the enlargements I88, Iilfi. The total frictional force thus becomes so much greater than the first mentioned force applied to the jaws that a self-locking effect is attained. When hereafter the pin I33 is moved upwards, the wide portion il i together with the movable jaw H2 will also be moved upwardly along the surface H5, since the wide portion I It is not self-locking for such an oblique pressure. When moving the pin i33 downwards the face Ht will press against the face lit .50 that the'movable jaw I It" is moved with it. The movable jaw may now be moved towards the fixed jaw H without using the pin 133.

We declare that what we claim is:

1. A slidable side jaw wrench with friction type wedgelock means, comprising a main body having a handle portion and a fixed jaw, and adjacent the fixed jaw two interspaced walls extending at a right angle to the clamping face of said fixed jaw and each at their edges near the fixed jaw provided with an inwardly projecting web, said webs extending at a right angle in relation to the clamping face of the fixed jaw to provide rearwardly facing guiding shoulders, and which walls remote from the fixed jaw are interconnected by means of a main body portion constituting a friction surface disposed at a right angle to the clamp ng face of the fixed jaw and opposing said shoulders, and which walls enclose a cavity, which is defined by the interior surfaces of said walls, the shoulders and the said friction surface and is open at the jaw side through a slot defined by said webs, a movable jaw disposed in front of the webs and integral with a guide portion extending rearwardly through said slot and provided with lateral projections engaging said shoulders; a pressure member disposed in the cavity behind said guide portion, wedging means interconnecting said guide portion and said pressure member; interspaced fixed clamping members nonslidably connected to the main body and disposed in the cavity between the pressure member and the friction surface of the cavity, movable clamping members interposed between said fixed clamping members and provided with friction surfaces extending at a right angle to the clamping surface of the fixed jaw and engaging friction surfaces of the fixed clamping members, the said movable clamping members being nonslidably connected to the movable jaw, coacting friction surfaces on the foremost fixed clamping member and the pressure member, and a movable clamping member nonslidably connected to the movable jaw interposed between the rearmost fixed clamping member and friction surface of the cavity.

2. A wrench as claimed in claim 1, in which the clamping members comprise thin lamellae, of which the fixed lamellae are nonslidably connected to the main body at their ends near the fixed jaw.

3. A wrench as claimed in claim 1, in which an operating member for shifting the movable jaw is connected to the pressure member and projects through a slot provided in one of the cavity walls.

4. A wrench as claimed in claim 1, in which the pressure member has two legs extending rearwardly between at least the foremost fixed clamping member and the cavity walls and engaging lateral projections on at least the foremost movable clamping member.

5. A slidable side jaw wrench with friction type wedgelock means, comprising a main body having a handle portion and a fixed jaw, and adjacent the fixed jaw two interspaced walls extending at a right angle to the clamping face of said fixed jaw and each at their edges near the fixed jaw provided with an inwardly projecting web, said webs extending at a right angle in relation to the clamping face of the fixed jaw to provide rearwardly facing guiding shoulders, and which walls remote from the fixed jaw are interconnected by means of a main body portion constituting a friction surface disposed at a right r iii angle to the clamping face of the fixed jaw and opposing said shoulders, and which walls enclose a cavity, which is defined by the interior surfaces of said walls, the shoulders and the said friction surface and is open at the jaw side through a slot defined by said webs, a movable jaw disposed in front of the webs and integral with a guide portion extending rearwardly through said slot and provided with lateral projections engaging said shoulders, a pressure member disposed in the cavity behind said guide portion, wedging means interconnecting said guide portion and said pressure member, interspaced fixed clamping members nonslidably connected to the main body and disposed in the cavity between the pressure member and the friction surface of the cavity, movable clamping members interposed between said fixed clamping members and provided with friction surfaces extending at a right angle to the clamping surface of the fixed jaw and engaging friction surfaces on the fixed clamping members, the said movable clamping members being nonslidably connected to the movable jaw, coacting friction surfaces on the foremost fixed clamping member and the pressure member, and a movable clamping member nonslidably connected to the movable jaw interposed between the rearmost fixed clamping member and friction surface of the cavity; and a spring member connected to the pressure member and arranged to exert a pressure on a surface of the main body extending at a right angle to the clamping face of the fixed jaw.

6. A slida-ble side jaw wrench with friction type wedgelock means, comprising a main body having a handle portion and a fixed jaw, and adjacent the fixed jaw two interspaced walls extending at a right angle to the clamping face of said fixed jaw and each at their edges near the fixed jaw provided with an inwardly projecting web, said webs extending at a right angle in relation to the clamping face of the fixed jaw to provide rearwardly facing guiding shoulders, and which walls remote from the fixed jaw are interconnected by means of a main body portion constituting a friction surface disposed at a right angle to the clamping face of the fixed jaw and opposing said shoulders, and which walls enclose a cavity, which is defined by the interior surfaces of said walls, the shoulders and the said friction surface and is open at the jaw side through a slot defined by said webs; a movable jaw disposed in front of the webs and integral with a guide portion extending rearwardly through said slot and provided with lateral projections engaging said shoulders; a pressure member disposed in the cavity behind said guide portion, wedging means interconnecting said guide portion and said pressure member; wedging means interconnecting said guide portion and said pressure member, and having a wedging inclination of about one to two; three interspaced fixed clamping members nonslidably connected to the main body and disposed in the cavity between the pressure member and the friction surface of the cavity, two movable clamping members interposed between said fixed clamping members and provided with friction surfaces extending at a right angle to the clamping surface of the fixed jaw and engaging friction surfaces on the fixed clamping members, the said movable clamping members being nonslidably connected to the movable jaw, coacting friction surfaces on the foremost fixed clamping member and the pressure member, and a movable clamping member nonslidably connected to the movable jaw interposed between the rearmost fixed clamping member and friction surface of the cavity.

7. A slidable side jaw wrench with friction type wedgelock means, comprising a main body having a handle portion and a fixed jaw, and adjacent the fixed jaw two interspaced walls extending at a right angle to the clamping face of said fixed jaw and each at their edges near the fixed jaw provided with an inwardly projecting web, said webs extending at a right angle in relation to the clamping face of the fixed jaw to provide rearwardly facing guiding shoulders, and which walls remote from the fixed jaw are interconnected by means of a main body portion constituting a friction surface disposed at a right angle to the clamping face of the fixed jaw and opposing said shoulders, and. which walls enclose a cavity, which is defined by the interior surfaces of said walls, the shoulders and the said friction surface and is open at the jaw side through a slot defined by said webs, a movable jaw disposed in front of the webs and integral with a guide portion extending rearwardly through said slot and provisited with lateral projections engaging said shoulders; a pressure member disposed in the cavity behind said guide portion, intercoacting and correspondingly inclined wedging surfaces on the rear side of said guide portion and the front side of said pressure member; interspaced fixed clamping members nonslidably connected to the main body and disposed in the cavity between the pressure member and the friction surface of the cavity, movable clamping members interposed between said fixed clamping members and provided with friction surfaces extending at a right angle to the clamping surface of the fixed jaw and engaging friction surfaces on the fixed clamping members, the said movable clamping members being nonslidably connected to the movable jaw, coacting friction surfaces on the foremost fixed clamping member and the pressure member, and a movable clamping member nonslidably connected to the movable jaw interposed between the rearmost fixed clamping member and friction surface of the cavity.

8. A wrench as claimed in claim 7, in which one of the wedging surfaces is convex with a rectilinear generatrice at a right angle in relation to the direction of movement of the movable jaw.

EMIL RAMUS ANSKJAER.

SVEND PETER LAURITZ NIELSEN.

SVEND ERIK BJERREGAARD SVENDSEN.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,382,248 Schafer June 21, 1921 1,389,487 Cassel Aug. 30, 1921 1,459,739 Menzl June 26, 1923 1,464,288 Muller Aug. 7, 1923 1,500,310 Hacheney July 8, 1924 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 36,137 Germany July 10, 1886 

